Structure, in particular for thermochromic glazing, comprising a substance contained between two gla

专利摘要:
The present invention provides for maintaining at least two sheets of glass substrates (10, 11) spaced by a distance (i), at least one material (12) filling at least a portion of the space between the two sheets, and maintaining their separation. To a structure comprising a spacer 13 between the two substrates. The present invention is characterized in that the spacer 13 is fixed to at least one of the substrates.
公开号:KR20030072578A
申请号:KR10-2003-7008595
申请日:2002-01-23
公开日:2003-09-15
发明作者:도로씨 마르탱；프랑크 마랑동；이베스 레만；쟝-루이 보넷；리노 메세레
申请人:쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

STRUCTURE, IN PARTICULAR FOR THERMOCHROMIC GLAZING, COMPRISING A SUBSTANCE CONTAINED BETWEEN TWO GLASS SUBSTRATES}
[2] Although the present invention is not limited to this application, the present invention will be described in more detail with respect to the manufacture of thermochromic glazings commonly used in the roof or walls of porches or verandas. The polymer liquid contained in the thermochromic glazing monolith is known to be a hydrogel that becomes opaque above a certain temperature and blocks the transmission of visible and infrared light through the glazing.
[3] The fact that the glazing is arranged in a vertical position inevitably causes the solution to flow under gravity, thereby causing the glazing to deform. As a result, the glass plate tends to be concentrated on the upper portion of the glazing, while its lower portion becomes hemispherical, creating a stress that may cause the glazing to burst.
[4] Therefore, it turns out that in such a vertically arranged glazing, the distance separating glass plates from each other is kept constant.
[5] Japanese patent application JP 09 222 618 discloses a glazing monolith comprising a polymer solution. The separation of the vertically arranged glazing is consistently achieved by establishing a negative pressure state with respect to the outside within the glazing, in particular by including randomly distributed spacers between the glass plates that are not fixed throughout the surface of the polymer liquid during manufacture. maintain.
[6] However, over time, free spacers in solution tend to fall to the bottom of the glazing. Thus, spacers can no longer perform their functions on top of the glazing, causing the problems of hydrostatic depression described above.
[1] The present invention relates to at least two glass substrates separated by a distance (i) and to at least one material, in particular a polymer liquid, which at least partially fills the space between the two substrates, and to maintain their separation. A structure includes a spacer between substrates. Polymeric, inorganic or metallic outer seals ensure that the two substrates are mechanically bonded and hermetically sealed around the outer surface.
[29] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a glazing with spacers.
[30] 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the glazing edge;
[31] 3 to 5 show an embodiment of a spacer.
[32] 6 shows a uniform arrangement of spacers in glazing.
[33] 7 shows schematically a non-uniform arrangement of spacers in a glazing;
[7] The object of the present invention is to solve the problem of this deformation in such a glazing structure, in particular when such a glazing structure is arranged vertically.
[8] Thus, according to the invention, the spacers are fixed with at least one of the substrates so that they do not fall off when the structures are arranged vertically.
[9] According to one feature, the spacer constitutes a component attached to the structure and secured to at least one of the substrates via an adhesive bond, for example by an organic or inorganic adhesive such as enamel.
[10] For example, the spacer is a ball or other volume made of steel or other material (which does not chemically react with the material). The spacer is preferably made of glass instead to ensure better optical quality of the glazing. For example, the spacer is a glass ball, cylinder or parallelepiped, or other shape (for example, a glass spacer as described in patent application WO 99/56302).
[11] It may be useful for the spacer to be chemically toughened to increase the mechanical strength of the spacer.
[12] It may also be useful for the glass plate to be chemically and / or thermally toughened to increase the mechanical strength of the spacer.
[13] According to another advantageous feature, the spacers are uniformly distributed over the fixed structure of the structure. This is because the inventors of the present invention have found that by optimizing the number and position of the spacers, it is possible to minimize the cost of the spacing function of the overall cost of such glazing while ensuring sufficient mechanical strength.
[14] A uniform or nonuniform distribution of the spacer can be selected. The term "uniform" should be understood to mean that the arrangement is symmetrical for at least one of the mediatrices of the rectangular glazing.
[15] The uniform distribution of the spacers is
[16] d = f × [6-h + (1 / h)] × Given by
[17] Where d is the distance between two spacers along a row parallel to the lower edge of the structure, e is the thickness of the thinnest glass (in mm), h is the height of the structure, f is a safety factor, and the spacer The total number of n
[18] n = [(h / d)-1] × [(c / d)-1], where c is the width of the structure.
[19] The nonuniform distribution of the spacers is
[20] d '= f × [6-g + (1 / g)] × Given by
[21] Where d 'is the distance between two spacers along a row parallel to the bottom edge of the structure, for a particular row located at height g with respect to the bottom edge, e is the thickness of the thinnest glass (in mm), g is the height of the row for the lower edge of the structure, f is the safety factor, and the number of spacers n 'for the row located at height g for the lower edge of the structure is
[22] n '= (c / d')-1, where c is the width of the structure.
[23] According to one feature of this equation, the height h of the structure is between 0 and 4 m. According to another feature, the safety factor f is between 1.3 and 2.3.
[24] Thus, for a uniform arrangement, the spacer may form two geometries that are approximately trapezoidal, for example symmetrical with respect to the center of the structure, the long underside of which is the top and bottom of the structure when the spacer is arranged vertically. Each towards the end.
[25] The material contained between the two substrates may be liquid and / or solid and most specifically does not include a gaseous component. This is because the gas phase no longer needs to exist between the two substrates in order not to cause any other flow or deformation that may occur in the glazing.
[26] Finally, the structure can be sealed with a double seal, for example well known to those skilled in the art and made of butyl rubber beads or silicone beads. This structure may instead be advantageously a triple seal, including both the butyl rubber seal within the structure and the rigid acrylic bead and the silicone seal against the outside of the glazing. This type of structure used for thermochromic glazing may be combined with at least one laminated glass pane and / or at least one insulating glass pane to form a mechanically very stable glazing monolith. Can be.
[27] The structures of the present invention can be used for other types of glazing such as thermotropic, electrotropic or thermochromic glazings.
[28] After reading the detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent.
[34] The thermochromic glazing 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises at least two glasses 10 and 11 spaced apart by a distance i and a polymer liquid to fill the space separating the two glasses from each other. The same material 12, together with the spacer 13, which, when the glass plate is deformed, lies between the two glasses when the glazing is arranged vertically and makes it possible to keep the distance i constant.
[35] The dimensions of this glazing unit are, for example, 2 m in height and 80 cm in width, and the glass plate may be 2 to 12 mm thick, preferably 4 to 8 mm thick.
[36] The polymer liquid 12 is, for example, a hydrogel consisting of 30% polyvinylcaprolactam (PVCL) and 70% water. The polymer liquid becomes opaque by blocking the wavelengths in the visible and infrared regions at temperatures higher than about 25 to 30 ° C. The light transmission then becomes 80% to about 10-15%.
[37] The thickness of the solution 12 corresponding to the distance i separating the glass plates from each other is a sufficient difference in the light transmittance T _L between an unswitched state and a switched state. It is 0.1 to 3 mm, preferably about 2 mm so as to obtain.
[38] As shown in FIG. 2, the tightness and sealing around the outer surface of the glazing is a butyl rubber seal 20 in contact with the solution 12 and a rigid acrylic bead around the seal ( 21 and a triple seal 2 comprising a silicone seal 22 on top of the beads 21 and in contact with the outside of the glazing. As a variant the rigid acrylic beads 21 and the butyl rubber seal 20 can be laid in different ways.
[39] The butyl seal 20 blocks water vapor from entering the glazing and blocks gas from entering the glazing that can dissolve in the polymer solution. The butyl seal 20 is flexible to follow the deformation of the glazing.
[40] As a result, the silicone seal 22 and the acrylic beads 21 block liquid or solvent. The silicone seal 22 ensures that the two glasses 10 and 11 are mechanically connected and joined together.
[41] Of course, any other existing seal type may be suitable.
[42] If the glazing is arranged vertically, the solution 12 falls down, forming a deformation gradient between the glazing top and bottom. These two glasses tend to collect at the top of the glazing and away from the bottom of the glazing. Thus, the spacers 13 are made to have substantially the same distance i that separates the glass plates from each other.
[43] According to the invention, spacers 13 of additional components are fixed to at least one of the glass plates so as to maintain their position during the operating life of the glazing.
[44] Spacers made of glass, metal or other materials are secured to at least one of the glass plates by means of bonding, depending on the type of material used for the spacer. Such means of adhesion are, for example, adhesives which can be mixed with polymer solutions or other enamels and which are resistant to time. Such adhesive means may be, for example, an acrylic adhesive sold under the trade name LOCTITE UV 3491 or an adhesive sold under the trade names CIBA 2011 and DEL 04302.
[45] Various types and shapes of spacers shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 can be considered. The material of these spacers should be a chemical that can be mixed with the polymer solution 12.
[46] For example, a steel ball with a diameter of 2 mm, which must be properly fitted up to ± 10 μm, is suitable to meet the mechanical strength of the glazing.
[47] However, glass spacers will be suitable for the optical quality they provide for glazing. Such glass spacers may be balls (FIG. 3) or cylinders (FIG. 4), or else may have a cross shape (FIG. 5) or a shape as shown in application WO 99/56302, and the like may be particularly used by Jean Govin Display Glass. Under the trade name TAGLIA (registered trademark).
[48] The test is carried out using glass balls 1 mm in diameter and 2 mm in diameter in a 2 m x 0.80 m glazing.
[49] For glazings having a dimension of 2 m x 0.80 m, glass balls with a diameter of 2 mm are particularly suitable.
[50] For embodiments of glass cylinders of at least 1 mm in diameter, such glass cylinders have sufficient buckling strength to withstand the stresses exerted by the glass plates. Such a cylinder is bonded to the base 10 or 11 with the bottom of one of the bottoms of the cylinder using an adhesive.
[51] For the cross spacers shown in Fig. 5, these spacers can be used in a polished or sawed state, and the breaking load of these spacers is large enough to completely support the glass plate. The dimension is defined by a rectangular surface 30 (area a × b) having a height l of 1.6 mm, b of 2.1 mm and a of 0.2 mm. These spacers are bonded using adhesive to any of the cruciform bottoms having a surface 30.
[52] Other TAGLIA® spacers of application WO 99/56302 may have a certain dimension to obtain sufficient breaking load, which is itself obtained by the manner in which the spacers are arranged and the size of the glazing.
[53] The table below summarizes the measured breaking load values for the various glass spacers stressed in the thermochromic glazing monolith (2 m x 0.80 m).
[54] Spacer typeBreaking load (N) Glass ball (diameter 1mm)185 Glass ball (diameter 2mm)657 Polished cross spacer a = 0.2 mm, L = 1.6 mm, b = 2.1 mm885 Cross spacer a = 0.2 mm, L = 1.6 mm, b = 2.1 mm696
[55] Apart from their high breaking loads, cross-shaped spacers are advantageous over balls in that their bearing surface area is larger than the balls, thus limiting the risk of jagged glass plates.
[56] According to the invention, the geometric arrangement of the spacers on the rectangular surface of the glazing unit may vary, which arrangement may be approximately rectangular, trapezoidal or even circular.
[57] On the other hand, the spacer is uniformly distributed on the glass plate surface. This is because the inventors of the present invention proved that if the spacers were logically arranged by calculating the stresses of each spacer of each geometric arrangement, it would also be conceivable to reduce the number of spacers for the glazing monolith. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the stress applied to the glazing while maintaining excellent mechanical stability and reducing the number of spacers without breaking the glass plate or the spacer, thus reducing the overall cost of the spacer function in the glazing.
[58] In addition, by increasing the thickness of the glass plate, the number of spacers can also be reduced for the same level of glass plate deformation without exceeding the breaking stress of the spacer.
[59] As a result, a uniform or non-uniform geometry of the spacer may be desirable. The term "uniform" should be understood to be symmetrical with respect to at least one of the media trix of rectangular glazing.
[60] For a uniform arrangement, the distance between the spacers and the distribution logic by the total number of spacers depends on the height and width of the glazing. The inventors of the present invention proposed the following design solution.
[61] The given distance (in cm) between two spacers on a horizontal row is expressed as
[62] d = f × [6-h + (1 / h)] ×
[63] Where e is the thickness of the thinnest glass plate (in mm), h is 0 to 4 m in height (in m), and f is a factor that varies between 1.5 and 2.3 as much as possible. f is a multiplication factor called the safety factor, which provides a margin in optimizing the distance between the spacers, thus providing a margin in the total number of spacers to prevent the breakage of the spacers. The smaller the factor f, the smaller the stress on the spacer caused by the hydrostatic decompression.
[64] Therefore, the total number n of spacers is expressed as follows.
[65] n = [(h / d)-1] × [(c / d)-1]
[66] Here, h, the height of the glazing, c, the width of the glazing, and d, the interval calculated before, are m units. For the calculation, we first need to calculate each of the two equations and round them to the nearest integer before multiplying these equations to find the integer n.
[67] For non-uniform arrangements, ie arrangements where no symmetry exists, the distribution logic for the number of spacers and the distance between the spacers is a function of the height of the row where the spacers are located relative to the bottom of the glazing. The inventor has the following design solution,
[68] d '= f × [6-g + (1 / g)] ×
[69] Suggested.
[70] Where d 'is the distance (in cm) between two spacers in a horizontal row (expressed in m, in the range 0 to 4 m) of this exact row located at height g with respect to the glazing floor, e being the The thickness of the thin glass plate in mm and f is a safety factor that varies between 1.3 and 2.3 as much as possible.
[71] The number n of spacers for the row located at height g with respect to the glazing floor is expressed as
[72] n '= (c / d')-1
[73] Where c is the width of the glazing (in m), d 'is the distance between the spacers, calculated as above and expressed in m in the equation, and c / d' is rounded to the nearest integer before subtraction do.
[74] For example, the values given below correspond to the equation for uniform arrangement. A comparison of two different distributions of the same spacer for a glazing 2 m by 0.80 m with a glass plate 4 mm thick is described below.
[75] For the first distribution with the safety factor set to 2.3, the total number of spacers (n) distributed at uniform and equal spacings (d) of 10.4 cm for height and width in 18 rows with 8 spacers per row. Is 144.
[76] For the second distribution, the total number of spacers, distributed evenly and equally for height and width in 19 rows, but with a number gradient along the height, is 126. This arrangement can be likened to two structures that are approximately trapezoidal in shape, which is symmetrical about the median height of the glazing, as seen in FIG. 6, and above and above the center bottom or row (Example 4). There is a larger number of spacers on the bottom underside or over the row (example 9).
[77] The table below shows the comparison of the load that the spacer receives and the stress that the outer surface of the glazing receives.
[78] Load (N)Stress (MPa) Rectangular first uniform distribution16512 Trapezoidal second uniform distribution1309
[79] The arrangement of the spacers by the trapezoidal logic of the second distribution is advantageously able to reduce the number of spacers while reducing the load on each spacer (20% reduction) and also to reduce the stress that the glazing can receive (25). % decrease).
[80] The number of spacers is nonuniform but can be further reduced in the logical distribution, which causes the load per spacer to be close to 165 N and the stress on the glazing to be 12 MPa, which in any case is related to the mechanical strength of the glazing. Remains a safe value FIG. 7 shows one example of a non-uniform arrangement for glazing with the same dimensions as the above-described homogeneous arrangement of glazing, ie 2 m in height and 0.80 m in width. For the safety factor f of 2.1, 71 spacers are required and the distance between the spacers depends on the height of the row.
[81] This non-uniform arrangement requires fewer (71) spacers with a larger safety factor (f = 2.1) than for the uniform arrangement (144 spacers and f = 2.3). Nevertheless, unlike a homogeneous arrangement in which the glazing can be positioned vertically in one sense, in the case of a heterogeneous arrangement it is necessary to ensure that the concentrated area of the spacer lies towards the top of the glazing when the glazing is placed vertically. Do.
[82] One example of a process for making a glazing is as follows.
[83] On the opposite side of the glass plate which has been removed after glazing production, points corresponding to the position of the spacer 13 placed according to the selected distribution are drawn on the first glass plate.
[84] The first butyl seal 20 is placed around the outer surface of the face for receiving the spacer. Next, the adhesive points are placed on the spacer, and then the spacer is firmly bonded to the glass plate at the selected position. The adhesive is crosslinked using a UV lamp to fully secure the spacer.
[85] A second seal, which is an acrylic bead 21, is placed around the outer surface of the glass plate and over the first seal 20.
[86] The layer of polymer liquid 12 is then spread into the volume defined by the first seal 20.
[87] Since the solution 12 must be in contact with the second glass plate, the second glass plate is then pressed onto the first glass plate, and the four inserts, eg made of foam, separate the two glass plates at a larger interval than the spacers. Placed between these two sheets of glass to ensure that
[88] Finally, the combination of these two sheets of glass is inserted into the chamber where the vacuum is formed, and the two sheets of glass are brought closer to compress the insert. Upon exiting this chamber, the glass plate is tightly sealed and eventually the glazing does not leak by applying a silicone seal 22 around the edge.
[89] In an alternative manufacture, a seal can be obtained by removing the silicone seal and joining the glass plate edges.
[90] In addition, the two first seals 20 and 21 applied in the method of carrying out this process before placing the polymer liquid 12 may come in position at any other time after the glass cut and before the glazing closure.
[91] The glazing structure described above is described when using it for thermochromic glazing.
[92] Of course, this applies to any article that may include liquid or viscous material between the two glass substrates and may contain solid particles. For example, a solar collector, a liquid cell forming a sun screen, a liquid crystal glazing consisting of a liquid crystal based gel, an electrochromic or photochromic comprising a flowable gel or liquid Glazing, or biologen-type glazing or other electrotropic glazing.
[93] As mentioned above, the present invention is used to solve the problem of deformation of a glazing structure, in particular when such a glazing structure is arranged vertically.

权利要求:
Claims (17)
[1" claim-type="Currently amended] At least two glass substrates 10,11 separated by a distance i, at least one material 12 at least partially filling the space between the two substrates, and the two sheets to maintain their separation. A spacer 13 between the substrates, wherein the material 12 is a structure that is a liquid and / or solid that does not contain a gaseous component,
The spacer (13) is characterized in that it is fixed to at least one of the substrate.
[2" claim-type="Currently amended] 2. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the material (12) is a polymeric solution.
[3" claim-type="Currently amended] 3. Structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer (13) constitutes a component attached to the glazing and the component is fixed via an adhesive bond.
[4" claim-type="Currently amended] The structure of claim 3, wherein the adhesive bond is through an adhesive or enamel.
[5" claim-type="Currently amended] 5. The structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spacer is a steel ball. 6.
[6" claim-type="Currently amended] Structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer (13) is made of glass.
[7" claim-type="Currently amended] 7. Structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the spacer (13) is in the form of a ball or a cylinder.
[8" claim-type="Currently amended] 7. Structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the spacer (13) is cross-shaped.
[9" claim-type="Currently amended] 9. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is distributed evenly over the fixed surface of the structure. 10.
[10" claim-type="Currently amended] 10. The structure of claim 9, wherein the structure has a substantially parallelepiped shape and the uniform distribution of the spacers is expressed by:
d = f × [6-h + (1 / h)] × Given by
Where d is the distance between two spacers along a row parallel to the lower edge of the structure, e is the thickness of the thinnest glass (in mm), h is the height of the structure, f is a safety factor , The total number of spacers n is
n = [(h / d) -1] × [(c / d) -1], wherein c is the width of the structure.
[11" claim-type="Currently amended] 10. A method according to claim 9, having a substantially parallelepiped shape, wherein the nonuniform distribution of spacers is
d '= f × [6-g + (1 / g)] × Given by
Where d 'is the distance between two spacers along a row parallel to the bottom edge of the structure, for a particular row located at height g with respect to the bottom edge, e is the thickness of the thinnest glass ( In mm), g is the height of the row for the lower edge of the structure, f is the safety factor, and the number of spacers n 'for the row located at height g for the lower edge of the structure is
n '= (c / d')-1, wherein c is the width of the structure.
[12" claim-type="Currently amended] 12. Structure according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the height h of the structure is 0 to 4 m.
[13" claim-type="Currently amended] 13. Structure according to claim 12, characterized in that the safety factor (f) is between 1.3 and 2.3.
[14" claim-type="Currently amended] The structure of claim 10, wherein the spacers can form two geometries that are approximately trapezoidal with respect to the center of the structure, wherein longer ones are upper and lower of the structure when the spacers are arranged vertically. Characterized in that they are each towards the end.
[15" claim-type="Currently amended] 15. The structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the structure has a butyl rubber seal 20, a rigid acrylic bead 21 and an exterior of the glazing inside the structure. A structure, characterized in that it is sealed by a triple seal (2) comprising a silicon seal (22) in contact with it.
[16" claim-type="Currently amended] Use of the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for thermochromic glazing.
[17" claim-type="Currently amended] A glazing comprising at least one thermochromic pane having the structure of claim 1, and at least one laminated glass pane and / or at least one insulating glass pane.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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ES2284811T3|2007-11-16|

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DE60218981D1|2007-05-03|

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FR2819802B1|2004-07-23|

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FR2819802A1|2002-07-26|

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US20040081775A1|2004-04-29|

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CN1254600C|2006-05-03|

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KR100808971B1|2008-03-04|

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US7306833B2|2007-12-11|

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EP1354115A1|2003-10-22|

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JP2004529052A|2004-09-24|

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JP4142441B2|2008-09-03|

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AT357574T|2007-04-15|

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WO2002064937A1|2002-08-22|

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DE60218981T2|2007-12-13|

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CN1492964A|2004-04-28|

---

EP1354115B1|2007-03-21|

引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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法律状态:
2001-01-24|Priority to FR01/00912

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2001-01-24|Priority to FR0100912A

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2002-01-23|Application filed by 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스

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2002-01-23|Priority to PCT/FR2002/000277

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2003-09-15|Publication of KR20030072578A

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2008-03-04|Application granted

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2008-03-04|Publication of KR100808971B1

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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FR01/00912|2001-01-24|

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FR0100912A|FR2819802B1|2001-01-24|2001-01-24|Structure, particularly for thermochrome glazing, comprising a substance contained between two glass substrates|

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PCT/FR2002/000277|WO2002064937A1|2001-01-24|2002-01-23|Structure, in particular for thermochromic glazing, comprising a substance contained between two glass substrates|